Many people complain of knee pain.This can indicate the start of developing various diseases.The most common pathology that affects the knee joints is arthrosis, which is widely called salty deposition.
Absolute arthritis leads to complete destruction of cartilage and bone exposure, as well as to the formation of osteophytes and complete deformation of the joint.This disease can turn a person into a person with disabilities.We will try to figure out what these diseases are, what are its symptoms and methods of treatment.
What is the arthrosis of the knee joint
Large berets and femur bones in a person's knee joint are covered with articular cartilage.There is also a second type of cartilage, which forms mena, acting as shock absorbers or layers.
Articular fluid provides smooth movement and additional protection.Arthrosis development occurs when it begins Holding tissue is damaged, by protecting the bones, as a result of which their surface is exposed, and the production of articular lubrication gradually decreases.At the same time, both partial cartridges and full loss can occur.
The manifestation of the deforming arthrosis of the knee joint is associated with the destruction of its cartilage shells, and after some time the bones and ligaments located nearby can be drawn into the process.As a result of cartilage loss occurs The rolling increase, and the knot is deformed.
Sometimes from the outside you can even feel bone boosting, which are a pathological growth of bones.As it happens Deformation of the bone surface, and they can no longer be closed, as expected, then a person has a restriction of movements.
This condition is associated with pain.It manifests itself especially in the morning, when a person after prolonged immobility begins to move.After all, this significantly reduces the quality of life.
Causes of the disease
What is this disease?Doctors identify several reasons:
- aging and cartilage dress;
- damage;
- overweight;
- age -related changes;
- Autoimmune diseases.
In the latter case, immunity begins to attack its own articular fabric, which leads to its inflammation and destruction.An example is a disease such as rheumatoid arthritis, in which the simultaneous damage of both joints occurs and disability develops.
Can also be called the reason for cartilage deformity insufficient blood supply Femoral heads.In this case, we are talking about aseptic necrosis.Knee joint degeneration and mechanical shaft displacement may occur due to improper formation of the knee joint in early childhood.
Symptoms of the disease
Knee joint arthrosis is characterized by three stages of development.The first stage is manifested by poor pain, unpleasant sensations in a sore place and periodic swelling that appears.
In the second stage, the symptoms begin to intensify, a crisis appears and the movements become limited.Associated arthritis of the third degree knee joint Constant painful sensations, while the cartilage fabric is practically destroyed.
Symptoms of knee joint arthrosis are usually manifested by pain.It can happen suddenly, but basically its development occurs slowly.One person begins to notice it in the morning, immediately after waking up.Knee pain appears when walking up the stairs, and often When you walk.When you change the weather in people with Meteo's sensitizing sensitizing, the pain in the knee joint is also observed.
Another symptom of arthrosis Ellingance is, which occurs as a result of inflammation, the accumulation of excess fluid in the knee or may be associated with the formation of bone spurs.The skin in the affected site becomes red and hot to the touch.In the case of chronic inflammation of the joints, pain and edema are removed using anti -inflammatory drugs.
In addition, the symptom of arthrosis is Loss of stability, when a person is simply unable to bend his leg to the knee or adjust it completely.Crunch arising is explained by the fact that the amount of synovial lubrication decreases.Such a broken sound, which occurs later, causes bone stimulation that, when driving, rub against each other.
When climbing the stairs or when performing physical exercises, it exists limited movement.This makes a lot of use a cane or itinerant.
Knee -joint deformity is a very terrible symptom of arthritis, as it shows that irreversible changes have occurred in the joint, making a person a disabled person.The knees can turn or turn inside each other.
Principles of treatment
Once you have treated the usual symptoms of the disease, it is necessary to understand how it is treated.First of all, it should be intended to eliminate pain.
You need to know that getting sedatives only Only weakens the symptomsBut by no means affect the course of the disease and such medicines are unable to restore damaged cartilage.
Treatment of knee joint arthrosis with medication is performed in the following ways:
- The use of non -steroidal anti -inflammatory drugs, with which the pain relieves and reduces inflammation.
- Using medicines that help restore cartilage.
- Use of ointments and creams by arthrosis deformity.
In some cases, surgical intervention is performed, and also describe Physiotherapeutic procedures and physiotherapy exercises.Gymnastics with such a disease helps significantly in treatment, and the attending physician should choose the exercises.
Currently, most medicines have Many side effects And with prolonged use, the functioning of organs and systems occurs.
The use of non -steroidal medicines
The treatment of knee joint arthrosis is performed by non -inflammatory non -steroidal medicines.
They help relieve pain and reduce inflammation, but long -term use of these drugs is prohibited, as the resulting side effects adversely affect the intestinal mucosa and stomach, as well as the liver, kidneys and cardiovascular system.
Despite the fact that taking these medicines is necessary for the treatment of knee joint arthrosis, however, they are able to reduce the production of proteinoglycans, and thus dehydrating cartilage tissue.That is why such funds should be obtainedstrictly according to a doctor's prescription And only under his control.
For prolonged use, experts advise the choice Selective anti -inflammatory drugs, which have fewer side effects and do not have a negative effect on metabolism in the cartilage.
Carbon recovery preparations
For the food and restoration of the cartilage, a constant consumption of its fabric is neededChondroprotectors.These substances are very important for people suffering from knee joint arthrosis.
The positive effect of their reception appears only after using for a long time (at least six months).Chondroprotectors improve the amount and quality of synovial fluid as well as contribute to restoration plate of cartilage.
But despite such useful properties of these compounds, they should not be regarded as fixed resources for the treatment of knee joint arthrosis.For this purpose, the drug should be taken for at least one and a half years, while they are unable to completely restore the destroyed cartilage.
Using creams, ointments and compresses
The treatment of knee joint arthrosis predicts the use of different ointments and creams.But such medicines should only be considered as an addition to the use of non -inflammatory drugs non -inflammatory and chondroprotectors.Ointments and creams help reduce discomfort, swelling, pain, Improve joint movement.
This effect is explained by the fact that these products penetrate the skin in the blood, thereby improving the blood flow to the joints, accelerating metabolism in the cartilage and restoring it.
Compressor.A much greater effect, compared to ointments, bring therapeutic compresses.For these purposes, a tool is often defined, which penetrates the fabric well and has an analgesic and anti -inflammatory effect.
The use of injections
The synovial fluid of the knee joint is very viscous so that the fabrics are not rubbed against one another.An important component of such lubrication is hyaluronic acid, which connects proteoglycan to normalize the structure of cartilage tissue.
The level of this composition in synovial fluid in patients with arthrosis decreases quite strongly, due to which this lubricant becomes less viscous, and the friction has improved.
Injections of drugs Based on hyaluronic acid, performed in the knee, slows the progression of the disease, but only half of patients with a diagnosis of arthrosis decrease in a decrease in manifestation of symptoms.The injection course is usually performed for three weeks, and an injection is done every seven days.Six months later, this procedure is performed again.
Surgical treatment of knee joint arthrosis
If therapeutic treatment does not have the right effect, surgery is performed.
It is also performed if irreversible changes have already occurred at the knee joint.
Surgical treatment is of two types:
- Arthrodesis.
- Prosthetics.
With arthrodesis, the knot is immobilized, due to which the pain is eliminated.Prosthetics is a more modern method, which consists in the fact that with the help of special prostheses, a full or partial The replacement of the damaged union.
Thus, knee joint arthritis is a secret disease for its consequences, as a person can become a person with disabilities.Can be avoided if you eat well, Run a healthy lifestyle And check your weight.Thanks to such simple rules, you can never know about the existence of knee joint arthrosis.